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Law & Rights · 16 terms
ADA Reasonable Accommodation
A legal duty to adjust the job for a qualified person with a disability, absent undue hardship.
At-Will Employment
Either side can end the job at any time, for any legal reason, with no notice required.
Constructive Discharge
A resignation treated as a firing because conditions were made intolerable.
Employment Arbitration Clause
A contract term sending employment claims to private arbitration.
FLSA Exempt Status
The federal classification that puts a salaried job outside overtime rules.
FMLA
Federal law protecting 12 weeks of unpaid leave with job and benefits restored.
Garden Leave
Paid leave where you stay away from the job during the notice period.
Mini-WARN Law
A state notice law for mass layoffs and closures, usually with 60 days of advance notice.
Non-Compete Clause
A contract term restricting work for a competitor for a period after you leave.
Non-Solicitation Clause
A contract term barring you from recruiting former coworkers or contacting former clients.
Pay Transparency Law
A state law requiring a posted pay range for a job listing.
Release of Claims
A signed waiver giving up the right to sue in exchange for payment.
Remote Termination Jurisdiction
Which state law applies when you worked remotely and were fired.
Rescinded Offer
A job offer withdrawn after you relied on it.
State Wage Claim
A filing with the state labor agency for unpaid wages, with set deadlines.
WARN Act
The federal 60-day notice law for covered mass layoffs and plant closures.
Pay & Money · 7 terms
Back Pay
Money owed for weeks you were entitled to be paid, awarded after the fact.
Bonus Clawback
A written rule requiring repayment of a bonus after the metric reverses.
Equity Vesting (RSU & Options)
The schedule by which stock awards and options become exercisable.
Final Paycheck
All wages owed at separation, paid on a schedule set by state law.
Salary Band
The published minimum, midpoint, and maximum for a job level.
Severance Offset
The state rule that reduces unemployment weeks when severance is paid.
Severance Pay
Money paid at separation under a plan, a policy, or a signed agreement.
Benefits · 12 terms
401(k) Vesting Schedule
The schedule by which employer matching money becomes yours.
ACA Special Enrollment
A 60-day window to buy marketplace coverage with a subsidy after losing employer coverage.
COBRA
Federal law letting you keep group health coverage for up to 18 months at full cost.
Cliff Vesting
A vesting rule where nothing vests until a single anniversary date.
Direct Rollover
Moving plan money trustee to trustee, so no cash touches your hands.
Flexible Spending Account
Pre-tax payroll account for medical expenses, with a use-it-or-lose-it balance.
Health Savings Account
A portable, pre-tax medical savings account that you keep after you leave.
Open Enrollment
The annual window when you can change benefit elections.
PTO Accrual
Paid time off earned over time, usually per pay period or per hour worked.
State Continuation Coverage
State health continuation law for employers COBRA does not reach.
Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA)
The earnings level that makes a person ineligible for disability benefits.
Use-It-Or-Lose-It PTO
A plan rule where accrued hours expire on a deadline instead of carrying over.
HR Process · 7 terms
Calibration Room
The manager meeting where ratings are distributed to fit the forced curve.
Exit Interview
The final meeting where your reasons and feedback go on the record.
Performance Improvement Plan (PIP)
A written performance plan with targets, a period, and a consequence.
Reduction in Force (RIF)
A planned, documented layoff driven by headcount, level, and function.
Reference Check
A hiring employer calling your former employer to confirm the record.
Two-Week Notice
The custom of giving 14 days of written notice before your last day.
Weekly Unemployment Certification
The weekly report saying you were available for work and what you earned.
Tax & Reporting · 5 terms
401(k) Loan Offset
The balance a plan demands when you leave with an open 401(k) loan.
Form 1095-C
The employer health coverage statement, matched to the W-2 in the tax year.
Form W-2
The annual wage and tax statement the employer files for you.
Golden Parachute Rules (280G)
A tax penalty on large severance triggered by a change of control.
Relocation Gross-Up
Extra money added to a move payment so the tax does not eat the benefit.
Visa & Status · 1 terms
Where the rules change by state
Final paycheck timing, PTO payout, plant-closing notice, and severance offsets against unemployment are all set at the state level. The state pages carry the windows for 50 states, with the calculator and the demand letter for each rule.
Glossary entries describe US practice in plain language. They are not legal, tax, or financial advice, and the citation detail lives in the paired guide page. Verify with the state agency before you file.